The life cycle of a Bed Bug

This is what bed bug bites look like:

The Differences Between Dust Mites and Bed Bugs!

It seems like bed bugs and dust mites are crawling all over the news. Although these critters may seem like one in the same, they are very different. So, how does one tell the difference between the two? Check out this comparison guide for more information and tips on protecting your mattress investment.

Bed Bugs - All you need to know

Throughout 2012 We've seen quite a few bed bug stories, ranging from bed bugs in thrift stores to library book infestations. All this pest coverage is likely to make your skin crawl and your mind spin with worry that all bumps or bites are a sign of bed bugs.

Fortunately, that’s not the case. Bed bug bites create specific symptoms that make diagnosis quick and easy.  There are several indicators that your bite is from bed bugs:

• Red in colour: Bed bug bites have an intense red spot located in the middle of the bite, and a dark red colour is common for bed bug bites.
• Grouping arrangements: These bites tend to be in clusters of three, typically lined up one after the other. Clusters are not always linear, and can also be bunched together in the same area.
• Bite locations: Typically bed bugs bite the face, neck, arms and hands. While they may bite elsewhere on the body, these four areas are most common.
• Timing: It may take up to a week for bed bug bites to appear and produce symptoms. Because of this time lag, bed bugs can spread when victims unknowingly bring them home from trips.
• Sequence: Bed bug bite symptoms begin with small bumps on the four main bite locations. They’re not itchy or painful to begin with, so the best way to diagnose is the linear pattern of bumps.  After a few days, the red welts will rise and itching may occur.

People often mistake bites from other pests as bed bug bites, and end up wasting money on unnecessary exterminations.

Remember we covered dust mite allergic reactions in our previous blog, they look more like a risen up patch of skin like in the photo below:

Spider’s in the UK generally do not bite, the few that do only effect you for 24 hours and most are only found outside of the home. So I wouldn’t say that spiders are anything to worry about.

The best thing is to be vigilant and aware of the risks concerning Bed Bugs, Bed Bugs are on the rise and if you want to avoid being their next victim then take these precautions:

·         Know how to identify a bed bug. Bed bugs are reddish-brown with a flat, oval body that measures approximately ¼ of an inch (6.35 mm) long. Bed bugs usually hide close to the bed but can spread to other areas of the room or home over time.

Bed bug colours can range from nearly white after they moult, a light tan, a deep brown, to a burnt orange.

·         Although bed bugs are generally found on or near the bed, most insects found there are not bed bugs. Before beginning pest control efforts to rid a home of bed bugs, confirm the identity of the pest.

·         Know how bed bugs are able to get into your home. Bed bugs enter a home through many possible ways, the most common being hitching a ride on your luggage, computer, clothing or other belongings after you have stayed somewhere else, or travelled where bed bugs are present, including on public transportation. Moving time is another possible way to get into a new home, as they catch a ride in the moving boxes.

·         Know the most likely places where bed bugs can be found once they get into your home.

·         Bed bugs are more likely to be found in buildings where many occupants sleep or where there is frequent turnover, such as a hotel or college dormitory.

·         Bed bugs tend to congregate where people sleep more than any other part of the home. They love hiding out in the bed frame, mattress, and box spring.

·         Given their flattened body shape, bed bugs hide out in cracks and crevices within a room, the furniture, and other objects.

·         Bed bugs can wander from apartment to apartment using the voids between walls and wire/pipe holes.

·         Bed bugs like warmth. They are known to enter laptops, netbooks, and DSL ports, which are also very portable objects that you might inadvertently carry around to other rooms and homes!

·         Occasionally, bats and birds introduce bed bugs.

Preventing Bed Bugs From Entering the Home

·         Check for bed bugs before unpacking during a trip away from home. Change rooms or hotels immediately if you see any evidence of bed bugs.

o    Pull back the sheets from the mattress and look for bugs along the seams or tiny blood spots on the mattress.

o    Look along the edges of the box springs and in the seams of the bedding.

o    Inspect the headboard and behind it.

o    Examine wood or upholstered furniture, especially along crevices and seams. Bed bugs seem to prefer wood and fabric to plastic and metal.

o    Don't put your baggage on the bed. Use the suitcase holder if provided, or leave your luggage in the bath tub or outside until you have inspected the room.

1.    Take care of bed bugs that may have hitched a ride on clothing.

o    Separate laundry into plastic bags so the clothes can be placed directly in the washer without bugs escaping. Wash and dry the clothes on the highest setting that the fabric can withstand or take items to the dry cleaners.

o    Undress on a hard surface floor rather than on carpet if you suspect bed bugs are on your clothing. Bed bugs do not travel on people like lice do. Wipe off the floor to capture any bed bugs that fall off the clothes.

Inspect luggage and other personal items for bed bugs. Vacuum off luggage and items that cannot be washed. Hand wash other items with hot, soapy water. Use a brush to scrub items, especially where bugs and eggs may be hiding in the seams and folds.

Take care when bringing used furniture and clothing into your house. Wash clothing immediately. Furniture, however, should be inspected carefully before even bringing it into your home:

o    Check the crevices, behind mouldings and other embellishments, and any cracks.

o    Avoid bringing home used mattresses.

o    Wash and dry all soft furnishings, such as curtains, at high temperatures before using.

Knowing Your Home Has a Bed Bug Infestation

Consider bed bugs if any member of the household is complaining of being bitten during the night.

Check for signs of bed bugs:

o    Faecal staining (dark brown or reddish spots) can be seen by the naked eye on bedding, the mattress, and even the walls near the bed.

o    A heavily infested house may smell like coriander.

o    Read wikiHow's more detailed article on How to Recognize Bed Bugs.

Confirm the identity of bed bugs if you're not sure. Drop a sample in to an entomologist for verification.

Preventing Bed Bugs From Spreading

If bed bugs have invaded your home, it's important to act quickly to curtail their invasion.

Fix your bed. There are several things you can do to make the bed a less desirable residence, or harder to get to:

o    Vacuum mattresses and box springs to remove bugs and eggs.

o    Cover box springs and mattresses with zippered, vinyl covers for at least a year, as adult bed bugs can survive a year or longer without a meal. Seal any tears with duct tape.

o    Pull beds away from the wall.

o    Use a commercial ClimbUp® interceptor. This is a cup-like talc-filled item that sits under each bed leg that captures bed bugs trying to climb up and down. You can make a do-it-yourself version using plastic cups filled with a little mineral oil and placed under each bed leg. Remember to empty frequently.

Deal with your bedding. The bedding needs to be treated and cared for appropriately as well:

o    Wash bedding in hot water and then dry on a high heat setting on a weekly basis. Place pillows and other non-washable items in the dryer for 20 minutes on high heat.

o    Keep bedding from touching the floor.

Eliminate bed bugs on carpet, fabric drapes and upholstered furniture by vacuuming weekly.

o    Dispose of the vacuum contents carefully in a plastic bag that you can seal and remove from your home immediately.

Minimize the number of hiding places for bed bugs.

o    Caulk cracks along the baseboards and moulding.

o    Seal holes in areas where pipes or wires go through the wall.

o    Reduce clutter in the bedroom, especially near the bed and on the floor.

Hire a pest control service to routinely treat the home and prevent a bed bug infestation.

o    Ask for references.

o    Ask for eco-friendly solutions if wished.

o    Talk to their customers about their satisfaction with the treatment process.

o    If you are renting, contact your landlord immediately to get a solution implemented quickly.

Bed Bugs - How to get rid of them video

on Howcast

Dust Mites - Do They Bite?

House dust mites, the type which you can find inside your mattresses are small arthropods, which are part of the same class of arachnid as spiders and scorpions. Dust mites are off-white and are extremely difficult to see without a magnifier. They can be found within mattresses, bed sheets, pillows, carpets, soft toys, sofas, curtains, etc. A mattress containing these little mites can have anywhere between 100,000 to 10 million inhabiting it.

So if you are experiencing itchiness at home, this could be the reason why.


Do Dust Mites Bite?

Dust mites mainly feed on dead human skin and dander. As dead skin is the favoured food of the dust mite the most ideal place for them to live is in your bed, blankets, mattresses, bed sheets and towels. A normal person can shed 1.5grams of dead skin flakes in a day.



The dust mite then chews and breaks down their food with their jaws and saliva, then just like animals the food is moved down the gut with wave like motions until it is fully digested and then moved through the anus and dispelled in the form of a pellet. One particular enzyme which is present in the faeces can evoke an immune response by humans which is what we sometimes mistake as a bite. Dust mites do not bite. But they do carry an enzyme allergen in their faeces which can affect us.


What are the symptoms of a dust mite allergy?

Dust mite allergic reactions are similar to those of a bite by a mosquito or midge flies. When enzymes released by the dust mite comes into contact with the skin of a human, the person’s immune system considers it to be a harmful intruder, bacteria or virus, and releases antibodies to attempt to neutralise the threat.

Other than causing skin irritation and itchiness, dust mites can also lead to several other allergic reactions such as asthma, frequent sneezing, runny nose, itching inside the nose and throat, cough, watery, swollen, red eyes, etc. Prolonged exposure to dust mites by people who are sensitive to them can give rise to asthma, eczema and atopic dermatitis. Luckily enough not everyone is allergic to dust mites, there are plenty of people who display absolutely no symptoms at all that they have ever been in contact with dust mites.


How to prevent a dust mite allergic reaction

In order to get rid of dust mites you must also find a way to detect whether the place is contaminated or not.

Detection is the first step towards controlling and preventing reactions.

There’s several companies who claim to have dust mite detection kits that are able to tell you if you have a mild or severe case of dust mites in your house, however, there’s no reviews to back up these claims, so we are unable to guarantee the effectiveness of these kits.

A more awkward method of detection is to collect a sample of dust in water and examining it under a microscope x10 magnification. Both methods though, leave much to be desired, the only way you can control the population is by keeping your house cool, dry and as clean as possible.

There are some simple precautions you can follow to avoid dust mite allergies from flaring up:

1. Firstly, wash all bedding, bed covers, pillow covers, blankets, even your curtains, at least once a month with hot water (do this more often if you believe you already have an infestation.)

2. Replacing feather filled pillows with synthetic ones, memory foam and latex ones are a particularly good option.

3. Dust mites grow vigorously in humid and moist conditions. Humid conditions can be controlled with air conditioning and dehumidifiers.




Dust Mite Treatment

Dust mites can survive in any kind of climate, but places with higher than average humidity offer greater comfort to breeding mites.

If controlling the problem is still not helping there are a number of treatments to help you deal with the allergic reaction from dust mites.

Allergy creams, creams made for bites, nettles and similar stings can help soothe the initial itch and stinging sensation and calm down angry irritated skin.

Antihistamines can also help the allergic reaction to dust mites, Citirizine in particular, can help.

Do not scratch or pick at the irritation as this can worsen the reaction and even infect the sore with other bacteria. If the bite like formations are severe and don’t seem to be going away with the above methods then see your GP.

So, As you have learnt, Dust mites don’t really bite, the bite like reaction you get from them is actually from their faeces, I'm sure that makes you feel a whole load better.

Dust mites are not predators or parasites, they are scavengers, living off dead skin cells and dander.

Remember humidity, dust and warmth propagate their breeding, so take all relevant precautions by keeping your place clean dry and relatively cool, and by washing your fabrics on a regular basis!